Locomotive-superheater.



E. G. GOODWIN.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEE' l.

LOCOMOTVE SUPERHEATER. APPLlCATlON FILED )UNE 5. 1913. www@ E. G.GOODWIN.

LOCOMOTIVE SUPERHEATER.

APPucAUoN man JUNE 5.1913.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

3 `SHEETS-SHEET 2.A

@am f1.

wbb/league E. G. GOODWIN.

LOCOIVIOTIVE SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5.1913.

. Patented Sept. 14,' 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ERNEST G. GOODWIN, F ROANOKE, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR T0 LOCOMTIVE SUPER-HEATER COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N, Y., A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

LOCOMOTIVE-SUPERHEATER.

Maaate.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept.. 1a, 1915.

Application ined June 5, 1913. serial an. 771,929.

` To all whom t may concern Roanoke, in the county of Roanoke and Stateof Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLocomotive Superheaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in locomotive superheaters, andits object is to overcome the faults of the devices now used as well asto produce more efficient results.

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In the drawings, Figure 1 represents aV broken longitudinal sectionthrough a locomotive boiler having my inventlon applied thereto. andFig. 2 a transverse cross sectlon .through the smoke boX of the same, aportion of the superhea'ting' pipes being shown broken or removed inorderto clarify the drawing. Fig. 3, is a part cross section through thesteam headers, taken longitudinally of the boiler, showing thesuperheating pipe for the topmost smoke tube in position, and Figs. 4,5, and 6, are similar views showing the superheating pipes for thesecond, third and fourth smoke tubes, respectively, in position in thesetubes. Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of the clamping arrangement wherebythe superheating pipes are secured to the steam headers, and Figs. 8 and9 are inverted plan views and transverse sectional views, respectively,of the same. Fig. 10 is an inverted plan View and Fig. 11 a sectionalview transversely of the steam header showing a modiied form of clampingare rangement. spective, showing the clamping bridge as used in themodiied form in Figs. 10 and 11, Fig. 13 is a detail view, inperspective, of the clamp or bar used in either of the clampingarrangements described. Fig. 14 is a detail view, in perspective of thecollar with ball shaped socket used at both ends of the clamping bar.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a locomotive boiler having aireboX 2 and ordinary smoke tubes 3. Secured to the back tube sheet 4and front tube sheet 5 in the customary manner are enlarged smoke tubeswhich` in the device as illustrated, are ar- Fig. 12 is a detail view,in perranged in vertically disposed rows of four tubes each. These smoketubes are designated in the drawings by the reference numbers 6,7, 8,and 9, the smoke tube 6 being the topmost tube in each of the aforesaidvertically disposed rows, the tubes 7 and 8 being the second and thirdrespectively from the" top, and 9 being the fourth or lower tube in therows.

At 10 is the regular steam dome', within which is placed in the usualmanner the throttle 11 and dry pipe 12. The dry pipe 12, extendingfrontwardly through the steam space of the boiler, passes through thefront tube sheet 5 at 13. At 14 the dry pipe 12 is secured to ahorizontal top header 15, disposed transversely of the boiler. Thisheader 15 is intended to receive the saturated steam from the dry pipe12 and distribute it to the superheating pipes 16, 17, 18 and 19, whichare attached to the bottom of the top header 15.

The purpose of the enlarged smoke tubes is to provide space forreceiving the said superheating pipes, where the hot gases of combustionmay envelop the pipes and impart a portion of their heat to the Steam.

At 40 and 41 are baille plates and at 42 a damper for controlling thepassage of gases through the enlarged smoke tubes. At 43 is a damperoperating device of any of the customary designs. This damper will beopened and closed by means of the operating device 43 simultaneouslywith the throttle 11 so as to prevent burning out the superheating pipeswhen they are not filled with steam.

Thesuperheating pipes, after :onveying the steam from the top headerthrough the enlarged smoke tubes 6, 7, 8 and 9 in a manner shortly to bedescribed, are attached to the top of a horizontal bottom header 20which also extends transversely of the boiler and is adapted to conveythe now superheated steam to the pipes 21 and 22 of the locomotiveengine cylinders.

In the majority of locomotive superheaters as now used, it is impossibleto drain the water of condensation from the superheating pipes. Also, insuperheaters of this type in which vertical rows of four smoke tubeseach are used it is necessary that the superheating pipe for each of thefour smoke tubes be of a different pattern, that is, no two of thesuperheatingpipes in a row are interchangeable. ln the construction nowto be described l am enabled to secure perfect drainage of all thesuperheating pipes and at the same time I require but two patterns ofsuperheating pipes, the superheating pipe 16 for the upper smoke tube 6being interchangeable with the pipe 19 for the fourth tube 9, and thesuperheating pipe 17 for the second ot the smoke tubes 7 beinginterchangeable with the pipe 18 for the third tube 8. To accomplishthese results the parts are arranged as follows: The superheating pipe16 is attached to the bottom of the top header 15 at a point 23 which asshown in Fig. 2 is located to one side of the vertical center line ofthe vertically disposed row of smoke tubes. Longitudinally of theboiler, this point'of attachment 23 of the superheating pipe 16 is nearthe inner edge of the steam header 15, as shown in Fig. 3. From thispoint the superheating pipe 16 extends downwardly and laterally, and isat the same time curved backwardly to a position in front of the smoketube 6. From here said superheating pipe is carried backwardly withinsaid smoke tube 6, this passage being effected in one of the upperquarters of its cross section, as at 24. Near the rear of the smoketube, at 25, a reversal of direction of the superheating pipe iseffected by means of a horizontal bend in the pipe or a suitable pipefitting, and the said superheating pipe proceeds to the front end of thesmoke tube in the other of the upper quarters of its cross section, asat 26. Here, by means of a vertical bend in the pipev or suitable pipefitting` 27, a second reversal of the direction of the superheating pipeis effected, the said superheating pipe passing again baekwardly withinthe said smoke tube 6, this passage being made in one of the lowerquarters of its cross section, as at 28. At 29, near the rear of thesmoke tube, the direction of the superheating pipe is again reversed bymeans of a suitable horizontal bend and the superheating pipe makes thenal pass to the front end of the smoke-tube 6 in the other of the lowerquarters of its cross section, as at 30. The position of thesuperheating pipe 16 as it finally leaves the smoke tube l6 isimmediately below the po-l -sition it occupies onoriginally entering thesame. After finally leaving the smoke tube 6 thel superheating pipe 16proceeds outwardly and downwardly tothe bottom steam header 20, to thetop of which it is attached at a point 31. Longitudinally of the boiler,this point of attachment 31 is near the outer edge of the steam header20, as shown in Fig. 3. ,As the superheating pipe 16 proceeds from theend of the smoke tube 6 to the point of its attachment to the bottomheader 20, it follows an irregular path, lat-` erally of the boiler,ycurving first slightly towardA the vertical center line of the smokeytubes at 32 and then away from this vertical center line, this irregularpath being necessary in order to clear others of the superheating pipes.The point of attachment 31 to the bottom header is finally made on thesame vertical line transversely of the boiler as its point of attachment23 to the top header. The superheating pipe 17 for the smoke tube 7 isattached to the bottom of the top header 15 at a point 33, which, asshown in Fig. 2, is located transversely of the boiler on the oppositeside of the vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes from thepoint of attachment 23 of the superheating pipe 16. Longitudinally ofthe boiler this point of attachment 33 of the superheating pipe -17 isnear the inner edge of the steam header 15, as shown in Fig. 4:, thepoint of attachment 33 being on the same transverse line of the boileras the point of attachment 23. From this point 33 the superheating pipe17 extends downwardly and laterally and is at the same time curvedbackwardly to a position in front of the smoke tube 7 which smoke tubeit traverses in the same manner described for the superheating pi e 16.After Finally leaving the smoke tube the superheating pipe 17 -proceedsoutwardly and downwardly to the bottom steam header 20, to the top ofwhich it is attached at a point 34. Longitudinally of the boiler, thispoint 34; is near the outer edge of the steam header 20, as shown inFig. 4, the point of attachment 34 being on the same transverse line ofthe boiler as the point of attachment 31. As

the superheating pipe 17 proceeds from the end ofl the smoke tube 7 tothe point of its attachment to the bottom header 20, it curves,laterally, away from the vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes,so

that the point of' attachment 34 to the bottom header 20 is made on thesame vertical line, transversely of the boiler, as its point ofattachment 33 to the top header. The

superheating pipe 18 for the smoke tube 8 110 is attached to the bottomof the top header 15 at a point 35 which, as shown in Fig. 2, islocated, transversely of the boiler, on the same side of the verticalcenter line of the row of smoke tubes as the point of attachment 23 ofthe superheating pipe 16, and immediately in front of the same.Longitudinally of the boiler this point of attachment 35 of thesuperheating pipe 18 is near the outer edge of the steam header 15, asshown in Fig. 5, the point of attachment 35 being on the same verticalline, longitudinally of the boiler, as the point of attachment 34 of thesuperheating pipe 17.

From the point of attachment 35 the su- 12 perheating pipe 18 extendsdownwardly and backwardly toward the front of the smoke tube 8. As it isproceeding in this course it is curved also, transversely of the boiler,

toward the vertical center line of the row of messie smoke tubes, andentering the smoke tube 8 in one of the upper quarters of its crosssection, it traverses said smoke tub-e in the same manner described forthe superheating pipes 16" and 17. After finally leaving the smoke tube8, the superheating pipe 18 proceeds outwardly and downwardly to thebottom steam header 20, to the top of which it is attached at a point36. Longitudinally of the boiler, this point 36 is near the inner edgeof the steam header-20, as shown in Fig. 5, the point of attachment 36being on the same vertical line, longitudinally of the boiler, as thepoint of attachment 33 of the superheating pipe 17. As the superheatingpipe 18 proceeds from the end of the smoke tube 8 to the point ofattachment 36 to the bottom header 20, it curves, laterally, away fromthe vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes, so that the point ofyattaclmnent 36 is in the same verticall line, transversely of theboiler, as its point of attachment 35 to the top header 1.5.

The superheating pipe 19, for the smoke tube 9, is attached to thebottom of the top header 15 at a point 37 which, as shown in Fig. 2, islocated, transversely of the boiler, on the same side of the verticalcenter line of the row of smoke tubes as the point of attachment 33 ofthe superheating pipe 17, and immediately in front of the same.Longitudinally of the boiler this point of attachment 37 of thesuperheating pipav 19 is near the outer edge of the steam header 15, asshown in Fig. 6, the point of attachment 37 being on the same verticalline, longitudinally of the boiler, as the point of attachment 31 of thesuperheating pipe 16.

Frein the point of attachment 37 the superheating pipe 19 extendsdownwardly and backwardly toward the front of the smoke tube 9. As itproceeds in this course it follows an irregular path, laterally of theboiler, curving first slightly toward the vertical center line of thesmoke tubes and then,

at 38, away from this vertical. center line, to-

a position in front of one of the upper quarters of the cross section ofthe smoke tube 9. From this it traverses the smoke tube 9 in the samemanner described for the previous superheating pipes and, finallyleaving the smoke tube 9 immediately under the point at which itoriginally entered this tube, the said superheating pipe 19 proceedsoutwardly and downwardly to a point of attachment 39 to the top of thesteam header 20. Longitudinally of the boiler this point 39 is near theinner edge of the steam header 20, as shown in Fig. 6, the point ofattachment 39 being on the same Vertical line, longitudinally of theboiler, as the point of attachment 23 of the superheating pipe 16. Asthe super-heating pipe 19 proceeds from the end of the smoke tube to thepoint of attachment 39 to the bottom header 20, it

curves, laterally, away from the vertical center line of the4 row ot'smoke tubes, so that the point of attachment 39 is in the same verticalline, transversely of the boiler, as its point of attachment 37 to thetop header 15.

Reiter-ating the description of the locations of the points ofattachment: Point 23 of the pipe 16 is vertically above point 36 of thepipe 18, both point-s being near the inner edge of their respectiveheaders. Point 33 of the pipe 17 is verticallyabove point 39 of the pipe19, both points being near the inner edge of their respective headers.Point 35 of the pipe 18 is vertically above the point 31 of the pipe 16,both. points being near the outer edge of theii^ respective headers.Point 37 of the pipe 19 is vertically above the point 34 of the pipe 17,both points being near the outer edge of their respective headers. Fromthe description of the course of these pipes it will be seen that everypart will be perfectly drained. At the same time, by having the top andbottom steam headers spaced equidistant from. the smoke tubes, thesuperheating pipe 16 becomes a duplicate of the pipe 19 and the pipe 17a duplicate of 18, it being only necessary to reverse the ends forattachment to the steam headers.

ln some of the present designs oi locomotive superheaters a very complexcasting is used at the top of the smoke box, tl e casting serving asboth a saturated steam header and a superheated steam header. inaddition to being dilicult to manufacture and install,`this isundesirable in that it brings the superheated steam in close proximityto the cooler', saturated steam, the superheated steam has a greaterdistance to travel before being used necessitating eXtra turns in itspassage, and also requires a greater length of smoke box. In the deviceof .mv inven tion all of these faults are overcome. The

top and bottom headers of my design are extremely simple and in additionto removing the super-heated steam from close prox-- imity to thesaturated steam, the bottom header of my invention is placed in the pathof the hottest gases in the smoke box. In my'device also the number ofabrupt turns in the steam passages, as well as the number of joints, isreduced to a minimum. Vith this design also, l am enabled to savemnsiderable length of the smoke box, as well as to make that space moreaccessible by the abandonment of the customary large steam pipes fromthe superheated stear. header when the same is placed at the top of thesmoke box.

For securing the superheating pipes to the steamheaders any substantialmeans might be employed. But I preferably employ al clamping device asshown in the drawings in which each end of a superheating pipe consistsof an externally enlarged, ballshaped portion 44 with a correspondinglyshaped socket 45 in the metal of the steam 65 in the header for thepassage of steam.

Encircling the superheating pipes are small, cylindrical collars 49which are formed on one end to' complement the rotundity of theball-shaped portions of the superheating pipes, the other end` beingflat. One of these collars 49 is supplied for each of the said balljoints, its purpose being to equalize the pressure about thecircumference of the ball. l

The superheating pipes are secured to each header in nests of four each,the saturated steam ends of the pipes for the four tubes of one of thevertical rows comprising a nest and the superheated steam ends of thesame pipes comprising a nest. The attachment of a nest of pipes to theltop header will now be described, it being understood that theattachment to the bottom header is made in the same manner.

For clamping the pipes-16 and 181 provide a bar or clamp 46 having ahole 47' at one end through which is passed the pipe 18. rhe oppositeend of the clamp 46 is .bifurcated, as shown at 48, to receive the pipe16. A. similar clamp orbar is provided for the pipes 17 and 19, the hole47 accommodating the pipe 19 and the opening 48 accommodating the pipe17.

Between the balls on the ends of the superheating pipes and the clamps46 are interposedthe small collars 49, the flat faces 50 of the clamps46 bearing on the fiat faces of the collars49. Across the back of theclamp 46 and midway between the openings for the superheating pipes insame, is cut a semi-circular groove 51 which forms a seat for'thecylindrical shaped bottom of one end of the member 52 of a clampingbridge 53. Disposed at substantially ninety degrees from the member 52and integral with the same is a member 54 having a bolt opening 55 atone end, the opposite end being bifurcated as shown at 56.

1n practice, the bars or clamps 46 being v on their respective pipes 18and 19 and collars 49 being on all pipes, the pipes 16 and 17 areentered into the openings 48 and the four pipes are brought intoposition against the steam header 15, and the balls 44 and collars 49are carefully matched together.-

After bringing the clamps 46 into position the bifurcated end 56 of thebridge 53 is slid under a nut 57 which has already been placed on a studor bolt 58. This stud or bolt 58 is near the inner edge of the header15. stud or bolt 59 is then entered through the hole 55 and the entirearrangement securely clamped together by drawing up the steam header.

maaar@ `and it is dificult or impossible to use the previously describedarrangement. In this device the rear end 62 of the member 63 of thebridge is adapted to be hooked under a projecting shelf 64 which is caston the This construction replaces the bifurcated end 56 of the bridge 53as well as the stud 58- and the nut 57, the entire arrangementbeingotherwise the same except that I show the bolt or stud 59 as beinglocated slightly forward of the steam header, which may also benecessary on ac count of limited space. The clamping arrangementdescribed constitutes a convenient and substantial means of securing thesuperheating pipes to the header.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a superheater, the combination of a horizontal top header forsaturated steam, a horizontal bottom header for superheated steam., aplurality of smoke tubes arranged .v

in vertically disposed rows of four tubes each between the said top andbottom headers, superheating pipes for each of said smoke tubesconnecting said top and bottom headers, the superheating pipe for eachof the first or upper of said smoke tubes in the said verticallydisposed rows originating near the inner edge of said top header andterminating near the outer edge of the said bottom header, thesuperheating pipe for each of the second of said smoke tubes originatingnear the inner edge of said top header and terminating near the outeredge of said bottom header, the superheating pipe for each of the thirdof said smoke tubes originating near the outer edge of said top headerand terminating near the inner edge of the said bottom header, and thesuperheating pipe for each of the fourth or lower of the said smoketubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating near the outeredge of the said top header and terminating near the inner edge of saidbottom header,-the said points of origination and termination of thesuperheating pipes for the irst and third smoke tubes in each of saidvertically disposed rows being dis` posed to one side of the verticalcenter line of that row of smoke tubes and the points of origination andtermination of the superheating pipes for the 2nd and 4th smoke tubes inthe same vertically disposed row being disposed to the opposite side ofthe same vertical center line, -substantially as described.

. originatin 2. In a superheater, the combination of a y horizontal topheader for saturated` steam, a horizontal bottom header for vsuperheatedsteam, a plurality of slnoke tubes arranged in vertically disposed rowsof four tubes each between the said top and bottom headers,super-heating pipes for each of sald smoke tubes connecting said top andbottom headers, the superheating pi e for each of the first or upper ofsaid smo (e tubes 1n the said 'vertically disposed rows originating nearthe inner edge of said top header and terminating lnearthe outer edge ofthe said bottom header, the superheating pipe foreach of the second ofsaid smoke tubes near the inner edge of said top header an( terminatingnear the outer edge of said bottom header, the superheating pipe foreach of the third of said smoketubes originatin near the outer edge ofsaid top header an terminating near the inner edge of the said bottomheader, and the super-l heating pipe for each of the fourth or lower ofthe said smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating.near the outer edge ofthe said topI header and terminating near thelinner edge of said bottom header, substantially as described.

3. l'n a superheater, the combination of a horizontal top header forsaturated steam, a horizontal bottom headerfor superheated steam, aplurality of boiler smoke tubes arranged in vertically disposed rows offour tubes each between the said top and bottom headers,superheatingpipes for each of said smoke tubes connecting said top .andbottom headers, the superheating pipe for each of the first or upper ofsaid smoke tubes originating near the inner edge of said top header,passing thence to said upper smoke tube "where it passes backwardlyinside said smoke tube in one of the upper quarters of its crosssection, returning to the front end of said smoke tube in the otherofthe upper quarters of its cross section, passing again backwardlyinside said smoke tube in one of the lower quarters of4 itscross'section, and returning to the front end'of said smoke tube in theother of the lower quarters of its cross section, whence saidsuperheating pipe passes downward and is attached to said bottom headernear the outer edge of the same, the superheating pipe for each of thesecond of said smoke tubes in the said vertically `disposed rowsoriginating near thel inner edge of said top header, passing thence tosaid second smoke tube which it traverses in the manner described forthe upper smoke tube, passing thence downwardly, and beingattached nearthe outer edge of said bottom header, the superheat-r ing pipe for eachof thelthird Vsmoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rowsoriginating near the outer edge of said top header of the lower `thesuperheating and, after traversing the said third smoke tube in thepreviously described manner, terminating near the inner edge of saidbottom header, and the superheating pipe for cach of the fourth or`lower of the smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rowsoriginating near the outer edge of the said top header, and, aftertraversing the fourth smoke tube in the manner already described,terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a superheater, the combination of a horizontal top header forsaturated steam, a horizontal bottom header for superheated steam, aplurality of boiler smoke tubes arranged vin vertically disposed rows ofLi each between' the said top and bottom headers, superheating pipes foreach of said smoke tubes connecting said top and bottom headers, thesuperheating pipe for each of the first or upper of said smoke tubesoriginating near the inner edge of said top header, passing thence tosaid upper smoke tube where it passes backwardly inside said smoke tubein one of the upper quarters of its cross section, returning to thefront end of said smoke tube in the other of the upper quarters of itscross section, passing, again backwardly inside said smoke tube in onequarters of its cross section, and returning to thefront end of saidsmoke tube in the other of the lower quarters of its cross section,whence said superheating pipe passes downward and is attached to saidbottom header near", the youter edge of the same, the superlieating pipefor each of the second of 'said smoke tubes in the said'vertically,disposed rows originating near the inner edge of said top header,passing thence to said second'smoke tube which it traverses in themanner described for the upper smoke tube, passing thence downwardly,and beingattached near the outer edge of said bottom header, thesuperheating pipe for each of the third smoke tubes in the saidvertically disposed `rows originating near the outer edge of said topheader'and, after traversing the smoke tube in the previously describedmanner, terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header, and thesuperheating pipe for each of the fourth or lower of the smoke tubes inthe said vertically disposed rows originating near the outer edge of thesaid top header, and', after traversing the the manner alreadydescribed, terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header, pipesfor the two upper smoke dues in the said vertically disposed rowsbeingduplicates of the superheating fourth smoke" tube in,

I pipes, ball joints attachingy said. superheat-` ing pipes to saidheader, a ball joint clamp adaptedi'to embrace two of said ball joints.

transverselyo the header, and a `ball joint bridge eoix'iposedy of twocross members disposed at 'substantially ninety degrees from eachlother, the ends of one offvs'aid cross .members being adapted to'bear,upon two' lim -of said ball joint clamps andy the ends of the other ofsaid 'cross members being adapted -to accommodate bolts or otherclamping means, substantially as described. .y

6. In a s'uperheater, the combination of a v steamgheader, a pluralityof superheating pipes", ball-jointsy attaching said superheatingfpipestosaid header, va ball joint clamp adapted'to embrace twoA of said balljoints y"transversely of the header, and a ball joint bridge composed oftwo cross members disposed longitudinally and transversely respectivelyof said header, the ends of said f longitudinal cross member beingadapted to bear uponA two of said ball joint'clamps, the inner end ofsaid transverse cross member being adapted to engage a projection on thesaid steamglieader, the other end of said transverse cross member beingadapted to receive av clamping bolt from said steam header,substantially as described.

7. In a superheater, the combination of a steam header, having openingstherein arranged in parallel sets, a plurality of super heating pipeshavingends for engaging said openings, clamp bars each of which engagesyin presence of two witnesses.

ERNEST G. GOODWIN.

Witnesses:

G. MAsLIN DAVIS, B. W. KABEL.

Gopes of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

